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Sisters Who Redefined Our Freedoms

By Bob Minor
Minor Details

When rich, white males turned the Declaration of Independence's "All men are created equal" into the U.S. Constitution, they took "men" quite literally. Their constitution made landed, white men equal. They denied the vote to everyone else.

"Taxation without representation" ended -- for them. Freedom in its fullest form was limited to them. When we immortalize these founding fathers we forget that they didn't include most of us in the American dream.
The Mother of Women's Rights: Susan B. Anthony

It took "radical" and "disruptive" people willing to give blood, sweat, and tears to change that so freedom would be something legal regardless of gender, race, or skin color. We white males, even if we are gay, hate to admit that we have historical privileges others haven't.

Change came about often because women, often people who today would identify as lesbians, forced that change upon us against the odds. There were many courageous men too, but the Americans who most often identified the need for change were not privileged, white males.

A careful look at U.S. history reminds us of the place of our sisters, our lesbian sisters, in the struggle for freedom. Nineteenth-century women who formed domestic partnerships with other women were more likely to be pioneers for broadening liberty.

They often began as abolitionists. Their struggles would turn to women's suffrage as a result of their experiences advocating for the end of slavery. Extending the vote to men of color was only a step, not enough, but in this too they participated fully and led in both movements.

The most well-known sister was Susan B. Anthony, who began her public career as a lecturer for the American Anti-Slavery Society. In 1869, after forming a close relationship with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, they both called the first post-Civil War women's suffrage convention which formed the National Woman Suffrage Association. The ultimate result was the extension of voting rights to women.

Seldom, however, are women such as Anthony recognized for their affection for other women. Our culture prefers "straightening up" our heroes and heroines.

Her most well-known beloved was Emily Gross of Chicago, a married woman. As Anthony wrote in a letter to a niece, "I shall go to Chicago and visit my new lover -- dear Mrs. [Emily] Gross -- en route to Kansas . . . ."

Such sentiments are found throughout these movements and are documented in Lillian Faderman's book To Believe in Women: What Lesbians Have Done for America -- A History (1999).

The facts are that we owe the extension of our freedoms to the work of our sisters, and our lesbian sisters. And we gay, white males do not know the greater strength it took for these women to overcome the layers of prejudice they faced.

We too have known discrimination, been threatened, hurt, killed, ridiculed, and rejected for being gay. We know what it takes to face that. But we have little idea of what it means for a woman who is also a lesbian to stand up against both the heterosexism and sexism of our culture, and of us, to lead movements for liberation.

We are good at denial of the depth of women's issues. We forget what it must have been like for girls to hear the same early taunts we heard as boys about how bad it was to be, look, or act "like a girl."

We know little of what it meant to be told your value and being is so inferior that you need the approval of the gender you are not to be valuable.

We have no idea what it means not only to be told how inferior a woman is but to suspect you don't even fit this definition of an inferior gender because you love other women.

We don't realize the depth of being told to "bite your tongue" and never let the anger out that bottles up inside our sisters.

Women's liberation pioneers Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas, 1908 And we won't know until we face our own male gender conditioning, recognize that even as gay men we have privileges our lesbian sisters don't have, and face our own attitudes and actions regarding women. We were not born this way. All of this is how we were conditioned.

But as long as we deny the nature of our culture's conditioning around gender, we will not fully benefit from what our sisters have done for us.

And the final thing they have done for us is called "feminism." We men are not supposed to like "feminism." We are supposed to put it down, criticize feminists as some evil, anti-male force. That's what the system is teaching us.

But those who have argued for equal rights for women (a definition of "feminism") have done us a favor, because, if we are listening closely, we will see that they have led again in extending freedom for all of us.

Their "radical" notions, criticized today by a frightened, conservative backlash, have helped us see that homophobia is a weapon of sexism, that limited gender definitions are used against gay men as well as women.

They have shown us that the oppression of gay men has more to do with the issues feminism raised than anything else.

That's why if two heterosexual men walk down almost any street in America and decide to hold hands, they will be treated like gay men too.

It has nothing to do with who is having sex with whom, and a lot to do with the fact that these men are not acting the way "real men" should. The oppression of gay men is a subset of sexism.

Related Stories from the GayToday Archive:
What Lesbians Have Done for America

Eleanor Roosevelt: Intimacy and the Gift of Awareness

Florence King: The World's Funniest Bisexual Republican

Related Sites:
Women's History and Archival Collections: University of Iowa State


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We owe our sisters for that insight as well. They are leaders in the next extension of equality in the U.S. The least we can do is make sure we aren't a part of putting our sisters down.
Robert N. Minor, Ph.D. is the author of Scared Straight: Why It's So Hard to Accept Gay People and Why It's So Hard to Be Human (HumanityWorks!, 2001) and Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Kansas. He was a member of the Values Panel for the Kansas City Star's nationally award winning "Raising Kansas City Project" which was concerned with the values we teach the next generation. He may be reached at Minor@libertypress.net.





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